Solver

時域解算器是一款功能強大、用途廣泛的3D 全波求解器，在時域求解時可以分別以”有限積分技術 （FIT）” 或”傳輸線矩陣法 （TLM）” 實現。並且執行各種寬頻應用的求解分析。此外還支援硬體加速與 MPI 叢集運算，也使得此一求解器更加適用於大型、複雜細節結構的模擬。

應用

• 適用中型-大型尺寸電氣結構的一般高頻應用
• 暫態分析
• 全3D電子產品/結構分析

頻率求解器是一種基於有限元素法 （FEM） 的多用途 3D 全波求解器，可以針對多種類型的元件提供出色的分析模擬。由於頻率求解器可以同時計算所有端埠，因此非常適用對於高速/類比式連接器或陣列元件等多端埠系統模擬。頻率求解器包括model-order reduction （MOR） 功能，可以加快對濾波器等共振特性較強(High Q)結構的模擬分析。

應用

• 適用小型-中型電氣結構的一般高頻應用
• 窄頻共振結構
• 多端埠系統
• 3D電子產品/結構分析

積分方程求解器亦是3D全波求解器，其基於使用多級快速多極點方法（MLFMM）的（MOM）技術。由於使用了”表面積分技術”，因此在分析具有大量均勻且低變化結構的大尺寸模型時，會比全體積分析方法效率更高。積分方程求解器亦包含了可用於分析結構本身支持模態的”本徵態模式分析”（CMA）。

應用

• 大型電氣尺寸結構高頻應用
• 模型整合特性分析(Installed performance, e.g. antenna & phone model)
• 本徵態特徵模式分析 (CMA)

漸近法求解器是一種基於光線路徑追蹤的求解器，對於並非一定需要”全波求解”的極大型電性尺寸結構來說其實非常有效。關於光學彈跳法Shooting Bouncing Ray (SBR)，其本質上是物理光學的延伸因此更加適用於數千個波長的極大型電性尺寸結構。

應用

• 極大型電性尺寸結構
• 模型整合特性分析(Installed performance)
• 電磁場散射分析(以光學方式)

混合求解器允許將時域、頻域、積分和高頻漸近求解器整合用於混合模擬分析。對於涉及極寬頻或具有高精細節的大型電性尺寸結構的模擬，可透過在不同的元件上設定不同求解器來提高計算效率。分析上透過場源(近場/遠場)訊號在解算器彼此間傳輸，且可設定單/雙向耦合，並藉以實現快速或更精確的分析結果。

應用

• 設計於相對極大電性尺寸結構上的天線(相對小型的天線)
• EMC 模擬
• 模擬存在於複雜環境中的人體現象(SARs)

CST Design Studio是一套用於模擬系統整合的圖像化整合設計工具，此一標準功能包含在CST中，並可直接從CST主要界面開啟。 在Circuits &systems內包含了有源，無源，線性和非線性等電路元件，並且可以與3D EM全波模擬高度整合，並且同樣的支援SPICE、Pspice、HSPICE、IBIS和TOUCHSTONE等的文件格式。 在CST中的真實暫態EM /電路協同模擬，是將不同系統或元件間的S參數聯串接協同分析或者直接串接物件為系統進行EM /電路協同分析，由於CST具有高效的時域求解器，因此可以在CST中進行真正的暫態EM /電路協同分析，而在此一特點是在沒暫態時域求解器的軟體中難以實現的。

The Multilayer Solver is a 3D full-wave solver, based on the method of moments (MOM) technique. The Multilayer Solver uses a surface integral technique and is optimized for simulating planar microwave structures. The Multilayer Solver includes a characteristic mode analysis (CMA) feature which calculates the modes supported by a structure.

應用

• MMIC
• Feeding networks
• Planar antennas

The Eigenmode Solver is a 3D solver for simulating resonant structures, incorporating the Advanced Krylov Subspace method (AKS), and the Jacobi-Davidson method (JDM). Common applications of the Eigenmode Solver are highly-resonant filter structures, high-Q particle accelerator cavities, and slow wave structures such as travelling wave tubes. The Eigenmode Solver supports sensitivity analysis, allowing the detuning effect of structural deformation to be calculated directly.

應用

• Filters
• Cavities
• Metamaterials and periodic structures

A design tool offering a range of options for filter implementation in various planar technologies, such as microstrip, stripline and suspended microstrip. It offers different configurations using stubs, stepped impedance lines, coupled-resonators and lumped component circuits, where SMD libraries can be selected and inter-connects automatically created. With the push of a button the model is created on the schematic with the appropriate optimizer setup. In addition a full-wave simulation project is created from the building blocks and includes the solver setup and all parameters needed for the final tuning steps.

應用

• Planar filters
• Circuit filters

A synthesis tool for designing bandpass and diplexer filters, where a range of coupling matrix topologies are produced for the application in arbitrary coupled-resonator based technology. It also offers a choice in building blocks to realize the 3D filter by making use of the Assembly Modelling. From the Component Library the user can choose between combine/interdigital coaxial cavities and rectangular waveguides, or simply define customized building blocks of any type of single-mode technology (e.g. SIW or dielectric pucks). Additional functionality includes the coupling matrix extraction that can directly be used as a goal for optimization of a simulation model, or for assistance in tuning complex hardware via real-time measurements using a network analyzer.

應用

• Cross-coupled filters for different electromagnetic technologies (e.g. cavities, microstrip, dielectrics) Assistive tuning for filter hardware (with vector network analyzer link)

CST Studio Suite包括三種不同的求解器類型-2D傳輸線方法，3D局部元件等效電路（PEEC）方法和3D有限元素頻域（FEFD）分析方法-用於針對電壓衰退(IR-Drop)，功率完整性(Power integrity, PI)和 訊號完整度(Signal integrity, SI)的分析

應用

• High-speed PCBs
• Packages
• Power electronics

規則檢查是用於EMC、SI和PI的設計規則檢查(DRC)工具，可讀取電路板檔案，並對照一系列EMC或SI規則檢查PCB設計並報告違規情況，並且可以指定各種對EMC至關重要的線路或元件如I/O端埠網路，電源/接地網路以及去耦電容器等等….。

應用

• Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) PCB design rule checking
• Signal integrity and power integrity (SI/PI) PCB design rule checking

電纜線束求解器其設計目的在於快速、準確地對大型電氣系統中復雜電纜結構的信號完整性(SI)，傳導發射(CE)，輻射發射(RE)和電磁敏感性(EMS)進行全波3D分析，其中傳輸線建模技術正是設計用於在全三維金屬或其他介電環境中的電纜線束配置。

應用

• General SI and EMC simulation of cables
• Cable harness layout in vehicles and aircraft
• Hybrid cables in consumer electronics

熱暫態和穩態求解器可以預測系統在時變暫態或穩態下的溫度分佈，熱源及其損耗可以由電場、磁場、電流、粒子碰撞等、生物人體熱或其他用戶定義，通過與我們的電磁求解器無縫鏈接，透過熱穩態求解器可以預測設備的溫度並對其電磁性能產生影響。

應用

• High-power electronics components and devices, such as print circuit boards (PCBs), filters, antennas etc. Medical devices and human bio-heating

共軛熱傳(CHT)求解器使用CFD技術來預測系統中的流體流量和溫度分佈，CHT求解器包括所有熱傳模式的熱效應：傳導、對流和輻射，其中也可以包括來自電磁損耗產生的熱源。

應用

• Electronics cooling: natural and forced convection of high-power electronics components and devices, such as PCBs, filters, antennas, chassis etc. with installed cooling devices such as fans, heatsinks etc.

The Mechanical Solver can predict structures’ mechanical stress and deformation caused by electromagnetic forces and thermal expansion. It is designed to be used in conjunction with the EM and thermal solvers to assess the possible performance impact of the force and heating to the device.

應用

• Filter detuning
• PCB deformation
• Lorentz forces on particle accelerators

The Particle-in-Cell (PIC) Solver is a versatile, self-consistent simulation method for particle tracking that calculates both particle trajectory and electromagnetic fields in the time-domain, taking into account the space charge effects and mutual coupling between the two. This allows it to be used to simulate a huge variety of devices where the interaction between particles and high-frequency fields are important, as well as high-power devices where electron multipacting is a risk.

應用

• Accelerator components
• Slow-wave devices
• Multipaction

The Particle Tracking Solver is a 3D solver for simulating particle trajectories through electromagnetic fields. The space charge effect on the electric field can be taken into account by the Gun Iteration option. Several emission models including fixed, space charge limited, thermionic and field emission are available, and secondary electron emissions can be simulated.

應用

• Particle sources
• Focusing and beam steering magnets
• Accelerator components

The Wakefield Solver calculates the fields around a particle beam, represented by a line current, and the wakefields produced through interactions with discontinuities in the surrounding structure.

應用

• Cavities
• Collimators
• Beam position monitors

The Electrostatic Solver is a 3D solver for simulating static electric fields. This solver is especially suitable for applications such as sensors where electric charge or capacitance is important. The speed of the solver also means that it is very useful for optimizing applications such as electrodes and insulators.

應用

• Sensors and touchscreens
• Power equipment
• Charged particle devices and X-ray tubes

The Stationary Current Field Solver is a 3D solver for simulating the flow of DC currents through a device, especially with lossy components. This solver can be used to characterize the electrical properties of a component that is DC or in which eddy currents and transient effects are irrelevant.

應用

• High-power equipment
• Electrical machines
• PCB power distribution network

The Magnetostatic Solver is a 3D solver for simulating static magnetic fields. This solver is most useful for simulating magnets, sensors, and for simulating electrical machines such as motors and generators in cases where transient effects and eddy currents are not critical.

應用

• Sensors
• Electrical machines
• Particle beam focusing magnets

The Low-Frequency Time Domain (LF-FD) Solver is a 3D solver for simulating the transient behavior in low frequency systems, and includes both magneto-quasistatic (MQS) and electro-quasistatic (EQS) implementations. The MQS solver is suitable for problems involving eddy currents, non-linear effects, and transient effects such as motion or inrush. The EQS solver is suitable for resistive-capacitive problems and HV-DC applications.

應用

• Sensors and non-destructive testing (NDT)
• RFID and wireless power transfer
• Power engineering – bus bar systems

The Low-Frequency Time Domain (LF-FD) Solver is a 3D solver for simulating the transient behavior in low frequency systems, and includes both magneto-quasistatic (MQS) and electro-quasistatic (EQS) implementations. The MQS solver is suitable for problems involving eddy currents, non-linear effects, and transient effects such as motion or inrush. The EQS solver is suitable for resistive-capacitive problems and HV-DC applications.

應用

• Electrical machines and transformers
• Electromechanical - motors, generators
• Power engineering – insulation, bus bar systems, switchgear